ABSTRACT This study analyses the importance of Brazilian ports, based on the flow of non-containerized cargo in 2014, considering both national and foreign trades. For that, we study a non-traditional centrality, called layer centrality, which evaluates the importance of ports, based on how well they are connected to influential ports. This measurement was preliminarily proposed in 2011 and applied to a simple nonweighted network, though herein we extend it to weighted graphs. For comparison purposes, we also apply three traditional measures, namely degree, eigenvector, and flow betweenness centralities. Our findings show that the most impactful ports are private terminals Ponta da Madeira and Tubarão, although public ports, particularly Santos, are usually impactful for national trades. Moreover, we analysed the map for public ports and suggest a suitable location for a new public port.

O despertar da sociedade para a sustentabilidade do meio ambiente impulsiona estudos que avaliem a eficiência ambiental das indústrias. Dentro deste contexto, se encontra o setor de transportes, que é um grande responsável pela emissão de gases provocadores de efeito estufa. Embora existam vários estudos relacionados à Análise Envoltória de Dados em Transportes e em Meio Ambiente, não foi observada na revisão da literatura uma aplicação desta metodologia especificamente para a análise da eficiência da emissão de CO2 na operação dos modos de transportes ferroviário e rodoviário no mundo. Por isso, o presente estudo apresenta uma modelagem DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) para analisar a eficiência de 41 países da OCDE em relação à perspectiva ambiental de seus modos de transporte rodoviário e ferroviário. Vale ressaltar a relevância da utilização de modelos avançados em DEA no estudo, além da modelagem das emissões de CO2 como output indesejado. Os resultados indicam a eficiência de países pertencentes à União Europeia, com destaque para Letônia e Lituânia. Esses resultados foram confirmados por análises qualitativas, segundo a revisão da literatura.

The society awakening for the environment sustainability encourages studies that assess the industry environmental efficiency. Within this context, lies the transport sector, which consists of a large responsible for the emission of greenhouse gases provocateurs. Although several studies related to Data Envelopment Analysis in Transportation and Environment, was not observed in the literature review an application of this methodology specifically for the analysis of the CO2 emissions efficiency in the operation modes of rail and road transportation in the world. Therefore, this study presents a model DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) to analyze the efficiency of 41 OECD countries in relation to the environmental perspective of their road and rail transport modes. It is worth emphasizing the importance of using advanced models in the DEA study, besides the modeling of CO2 emissions as unwanted output. The results indicate the efficiency of European Union countries, especially in Latvia and Lithuania. These results were confirmed by qualitative analysis, according to the literature review.